File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. Coursera's FTP catalogue educates you on how to effectively use this protocol to share, transfer, and manipulate data over the internet. You'll learn about the core principles of FTP, its various commands, and how to set up an FTP server. Additionally, you'll dive into understanding the security aspects - such as FTPS and SFTP for secure file transfers. This skill is essential for network administrators, software developers, or anyone working in a data-intensive field.